What Is A Fat Protein Efficient Diet?
This article aims to review the physiology of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in children, outline the evidence base for therapeutic interventions to improve clinical outcomes, and suggest future research priorities.
PEM has an enormous impact on child morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet it remains poorly understood and ill-recognized by health care professionals. Although there is a long history of dietary intervention research in PEM during infancy, more information is needed about effective practical nutritional regimens that can be used safely at home under local conditions with limited resources, such as micronutrient supplementation and food fortification.
There are several definitions for protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), including kwashiorkor and marasmus syndromes and a catch-all term for all other PEM states.
The most widely used definition is that of Maller and Black. They defined PEM as the presence of two or more features from a list, including weight for height, triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, presence of edema, capillary fragility, serum albumin level, and clinical signs such as apathy and inappetence. Without anyone feature, it is challenging to diagnose PEM reliably; however, malnutrition can be present with only one character if it is very severe.
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) has been associated with morbidity and mortality throughout history. However, until recently, understanding its pathophysiology and effective management has been lacking due to a lack of prospective randomized trials assessing interventions beyond dietary advice.
In the past, research efforts have been hampered by a focus on therapeutic feeding programs in hospital-based studies rather than community-based PEM programs that are more representative of high burden settings.
Fat protein efficient diet plan free:
Carbohydrates –
complex carbohydrate sources such as whole grains, beans, and vegetables.
Cholesterol –
free foods or very low in cholesterol: lean meats, seafood, and vegetable sources of fat (such as olive oil).
Dietary fiber –
found in fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain food.
Protein –
protein foods from plant sources such as legumes, nuts, and seeds.
Salt/ Sodium –
Limit the amount of salt you add during cooking and at the table. More than half should come from fresh ingredients such as herbs, lemon juice, spices rather than added salt. Americans eat an average of 3-1/2 tsp a day, while we only need about 1/4 tsp daily to meet our needs, so it’s easy to go over.
Vitamin A –
Beta-carotene in deep orange and dark green vegetables and fruits such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, cantaloupe, and apricots. Or as vitamin A from animal sources such as fatty fish or liver.
Vitamin C –
fruits and vegetables such as citrus fruit, strawberries, kiwi, broccoli, and bell peppers.
Water –
drink at least six to eight glasses of water a day to keep you well hydrated throughout the day. And remember that cutting down on caffeine can also help increase your fluid intake because it is a diuretic (makes you need to urinate).
You should eat three meals plus snacks if needed between meals.
Breakfast:
Within an hour of waking. A good example is one egg, a toasted whole grain bagel with nonfat cream cheese, and fruit juice.
lunch:
traditionally eaten at work or school but can also be eaten as a snack (not too late in the day). A good example is a turkey sandwich on whole-wheat bread with lettuce and tomato; yogurt, apple slices; and a low-sugar granola bar.
Dinner:
You are traditionally eaten in the evening when you get home from work or school. However, it can also be used as your lunch (if your schedule makes that more accessible), and then take advantage of leftovers for dinner another night during the week. Good examples are grilled skinless chicken breast, brown rice, steamed broccoli, and fresh fruit for dessert.
Fat protein efficient meal plan for weight loss:
Breakfast
One egg, any style, one whole grain bagel with 2 tsp. nonfat cream cheese 1 cup fresh fruit juice (orange, apple, or grapefruit)
Snack
Fat-free yogurt(6 oz.) 8 oz. fat-free milk Low-sugar granola bar (i.e., Special K) Small banana
Lunch
Turkey sandwich: 3 oz. roasted turkey breast on two slices whole wheat bread w/ lettuce and tomato 1/2 cup mixed green salad w/ vegetables and dressing(red wine vinegar and olive oil) Fat-free frozen yogurt Snack
Fat-free pudding(6oz.) 20 ritz crackers 4 cups air-popped popcorn Fruit smoothie: ½ cup orange juice and banana 16 oz. fat-free milk
Dinner
Grilled skinless chicken breast Brown rice Steamed broccoli Dessert: Fresh fruit cup
Carbohydrate efficient diet plan:
Breakfast
Fat-free milk (8 oz.) 1 cup fat-free yogurt (vanilla or plain) Breakfast bar (low sugar/no chocolate, i.e., Special K or Fiber one) ½ banana one slice whole-wheat toast
Snack
½ cantaloupe with teaspoon lime juice and a pinch of salt 2 tbsp. hummus Fat-free pudding (6 oz.)
Lunch
Fat-free frozen yogurt (6 oz.) 20 ritz crackers 4 cups air-popped popcorn 2 cups assorted fruit (grapes, cherries, blueberries, and strawberries) Dressing: red wine vinegar and olive oil Snack
1 cup strawberries ¼ cup walnuts Celery sticks filled with peanut butter Fat-free ricotta cheese (6 oz.)
Dinner
Vegetable stir fry 3 ounces lean steak ½ cup brown rice 1 cup green beans Snack
1/2 cup fat-free vanilla yogurt mixed with tsp. Instant coffee 2 tbsp. Cocoa powder and a pinch of salt four graham cracker squares Breakroom cookie jar snack: Fat-free fudge pops(3) 20 animal crackers fruit juice flavored ice pops(5) 4 cups popped microwave popcorn 2 slices multi-grain bread with 1tsp. Jam 2 whole wheat pita bread filled with veggies and hummus.